Relapsing Polychondritis

Also known as: RP

A rare autoimmune disease that inflames cartilage in the ears, nose, airways and joints.

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How it works · Autoimmunity

The immune system protects you

B cells make antibodies, Y-shaped proteins that tag germs so the rest of the immune system can clear them.

What it is

Relapsing polychondritis causes repeated episodes of cartilage inflammation. Over time it can deform the ear or nose, and airway involvement is the most serious complication. About a third of cases occur with another condition, such as vasculitis or a blood disorder.

Symptoms

A sudden red, painful, swollen outer ear that spares the earlobe, nasal bridge pain, hoarseness or cough, joint pain, eye redness and hearing or balance problems.

How it’s diagnosed

Diagnosis is based on the clinical pattern, sometimes supported by biopsy. Breathing tests and chest CT check the airways, and hearing and eye exams are done.

Treatment

Mild flares may respond to NSAIDs or colchicine. Steroids treat more significant flares, with methotrexate, azathioprine or biologics used to maintain control.

Living with it

Report hoarseness, wheezing or shortness of breath right away. Regular airway assessments are part of long-term care.

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Giant Cell Arteritis →

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